The hydraulic system of the dump tipper truck is one of its core components, ensuring an efficient lifting and lowering function of the cabin. The hydraulic system of a dump tipper truck typically consists of the following main components:
Hydraulic pump: The hydraulic pump of the dump tipper truck is the power source of the system. It converts the mechanical energy of the engine into hydraulic energy through mechanical drive and delivers hydraulic oil to various parts of the system. There are many types of hydraulic pumps, but the most common ones are gear, vane, and piston pumps.
Hydraulic cylinder: Hydraulic cylinder is an actuator in the hydraulic system. Its main function is to convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy to drive the lifting and lowering of the carriage. The hydraulic cylinder of the dump tipper truck consists of cylinder block, piston, piston rod, etc. The hydraulic oil passes through different chambers in the cylinder block to control the movement of the piston.
Control valve: The control valve is a key component of the hydraulic system and is responsible for regulating the flow and pressure of the hydraulic oil. Through precise regulation, the control valve can determine the rising and falling speed of the hydraulic cylinder and its operating status, ensuring the smooth operation of the hydraulic system of the entire dump tipper truck.
Oil tank: The oil tank is the place where hydraulic oil is stored in the hydraulic system. It not only provides oil source for the hydraulic system, but also has the function of cooling hydraulic oil and filtering impurities. The tank of a dump tipper truck will typically be equipped with a radiator that prevents the hydraulic oil from getting too hot during extended use, affecting the performance and longevity of the system.
The working principle of the hydraulic system of the dump tipper truck is based on the basic laws of fluid mechanics. When the dump tipper truck needs to lift the carriage for unloading, the hydraulic system operates through the following steps:
Hydraulic Pump Start: The dump tipper truck's hydraulic pump draws hydraulic oil from the tank and pressurizes it through a line to feed it into the hydraulic cylinder.
Push the hydraulic cylinder piston: The hydraulic oil enters the cylinder block of the hydraulic cylinder through the control valve, pushing the piston to move upward. The movement of the piston drives the piston rod up, which in turn raises the dump tipper truck's compartment.
Control valve regulation: The function of the control valve is to regulate the flow direction and flow rate of hydraulic oil. During the lifting and lowering process, the control valve ensures that hydraulic oil enters or exits the hydraulic cylinder at the right flow rate, thereby controlling the speed and accuracy of the dump tipper truck's cabin lifting and lowering.
Car lowering process: When the car of the dump tipper truck needs to be lowered, the control valve will switch the flow direction of hydraulic oil to reduce the pressure inside the hydraulic cylinder. After the pressure is reduced, the piston descends under the action of external force, and the dump tipper truck's compartment also descends slowly.
The whole process is realized through the precise operation of the control valve, which ensures that the dump tipper truck's carriage lifts and lowers smoothly and avoids violent shaking or irregular movements.
With its unique advantages, the dump tipper truck hydraulic system is widely used in logistics and construction, etc. Specific advantages include:
Efficiency: The hydraulic system of the dump tipper truck can quickly respond to the driver's operation instructions and quickly inject hydraulic oil into the hydraulic cylinder, thus realizing the rapid lifting and lowering of the carriage. Compared with the traditional mechanical lifting method of the dump tipper truck, the hydraulic system not only improves the work efficiency, but also completes the unloading task in a shorter time, significantly improving the transportation efficiency.
Stability: The hydraulic system of the dump tipper truck uses hydraulic oil as the transmission medium, which can effectively reduce vibration and impact during the lifting process, ensuring the smooth lifting and lowering of the carriage. Precision control valves ensure uniform output of hydraulic oil flow and pressure, thus avoiding violent shaking or jumping of the dump tipper truck's cabin.
Safety: The hydraulic system of the dump tipper truck is designed with a strong focus on safety and is usually equipped with a variety of safety protections. For example, the hydraulic cylinder of a dump tipper truck may be configured with a relief valve that prevents overpressure. The dump tipper truck's control valve will also automatically cut off oil flow when the system pressure is too high to avoid damage to the hydraulic system or accidents. At the same time, the hydraulic system of the dump tipper truck can keep the carriage stable during the lifting process, prevent the goods from slipping or the carriage from accidentally falling, and ensure the safety of the work site.
Easy operation: The hydraulic system of the dump tipper truck is easy to control. The driver can accurately control the lifting process of the dump tipper truck's compartment only through the control lever or button, eliminating the need for tedious manual operations, thus improving work efficiency.
Easy maintenance: Compared with other complex mechanical devices, the hydraulic system of dump tipper truck is relatively simple to maintain and overhaul. The components of the dump tipper truck's hydraulic pumps, cylinders and control valves have a long service life. Moreover, the daily maintenance of the dump tipper truck mainly focuses on checking the oil level, cleaning the fuel tank, regularly replacing the hydraulic oil, etc. It is easy to maintain and has low cost.
(1) Oil pump not rotating:
Cause 1: Faulty power take-off or power take-off solenoid valve. The pump of the dump tipper truck can be removed, repaired or replaced.
Reason 2: Insufficient air pressure or air path leakage. The cylinder should be inflated or checked for air leakage.
Cause 3: Oil pump failure. Remove or replace the oil pump of the dump tipper truck.
The oil pump works well but the trunk does not lift:
Reason 1: The hydraulic system of the oil pump is short of hydraulic oil. Hydraulic fluid should be added to the dump tipper truck.
Reason 2: The gear pump is rotating in the wrong direction. The opposite rotation should be replaced.
Cause 3: Lift solenoid valve failure. The dump tipper truck's lift solenoid should be removed, repaired or replaced.
Reason 4: The gas circuit is reversed or the gas circuit leaks. The position of the trachea should be adjusted or the air leakage should be checked.
Reason 5: The air control distribution valve (or rotary valve) fails. The air control distribution valve of the dump tipper truck should be disassembled, repaired or replaced.
Reason 6: Internal failure of the oil cylinder. The oil cylinder of the air control distribution valve should be disassembled, repaired or replaced.
Reason 7: Severe overload causes the internal relief valve to overflow. It should be loaded reasonably.
(2) Trunk lifting is slow, unsteady, and automatically tilts back
Reason 1: There is not enough hydraulic oil, and air seeps into the oil circuit. Hydraulic oil needs to be added to vent.
Reason 2: The oil cylinder leaks internally or externally. The cylinder of the dump tipper truck should be repaired or replaced.
Cause 3: The one-way valve (in the air control distribution valve or at the oil outlet of the oil pump) is damaged. The dump tipper truck's one-way valve should be removed, repaired or replaced.
Reason 4: The valve core of the air control distribution valve is stuck or the internal leakage of the rotary valve is serious. The air control distribution valve of the dump tipper truck should be disassembled, repaired or replaced.
Slow or no descent after the trunk is lifted
Reason 1: The oil pipe is folded. The oil pipe should be straightened out to make the oil circuit smooth.
(3) Oil pump burned
Reason 1: The power take-off of the dump tipper truck is not out of gear while driving, and the oil pump works for a long time. It should be ensured that the power take-off is out of gear when driving.
Reason 2: Stepping on the accelerator for a long time when lifting and the cargo is seriously overloaded. Should be operated according to the specified requirements.
